W.H.O.: what is disability
International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities and
Handicaps (ICIDH),
1980
- Impairment
- any loss or abnormality of a psychological,
or anatomical structure or function
- Disability
- any restriction or inability (resulting from an impairment) to perform an
activity in the manner or within the range considered normal
for a human being
- Handicap
- any disadvantage for a given individual, resulting from an impairment or
a disability, that limits or prevents the fulfilment of a role that
is normal ... for that individual
International Classification of Functioning, Disability and
Health (ICF), 2001
- Multi-purpose classification intended for a wide
range of uses in different sectors. It is a classification of
health and healt related domains
- These domains are classified from body, individual and societal
perspectives by means of two lists:
a list of body functions and structure, and a list of
domains of activity
and participation.
- ICF is named as it is because of its
stress is on health and functioning,
rather than on disability
- ICF put the notion of "health" and "disability"
in a new light.
It acknowledges that every human being
can experience a decrement in health and thereby experience some disability
- Participation instead of handicap